CASE FILES
Sources for figures and data
Global Financial Crisis 2007–09
Sources for figures and data
A list of where the figures and numbers in the diagrams and text come from. Click the heading to open.
Read moreNumerical Ledger (33 items)
Just under 600 billiondollarsPeak balance of swap linesBIS 2020 p.7 Graph 1・p.37
Just under 13 trilliondollarsEurodollar liabilitiesBIS 2020 p.39
0–0.25%%Federal Funds rate targetFederal Open Market Committee 2008 Statement
0.0% → 3.9% → 27.2% (peak near 50%)%Repo haircut index (equal-weighted average of 9 types, excluding government bonds)Gary B. Gorton, Andrew Metrick 2009 Table I Panel D/E・Introduction p.5
380.31 → 308.14 (−19.0%)Index (1980Q1=100)FHFA House Price Index (All-Transactions)U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency USA quarterly values (CSV obtained on 2026-10-23)
Nearly 22 trillion (traditional banks approx. 14 trillion)dollarsShadow banking liabilities (gross)Zoltan Pozsar, Tobias Adrian, Adam Ashcraft, Hayley Boesky 2012 Fig. 1 pp.7–8
Total assets $62.4 billion, Lehman CP $785 million (1.2%)dollarsReserve Primary FundFinancial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, pp. 356–357
Up to $85 billion (24 months, LIBOR + 850bp, 79.9% equity stake)dollarsCredit line for AIGBoard of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008 Announcement
$250 → $350 → $700 billion (outstanding balance limit)dollarsTARP purchase authority110th Congress of the United States 2008 Section 115
Up to $50 billion (ESF), 1 yeardollarsMMF guarantee programU.S. Department of the Treasury 2008 Announcement
40 to 1 (one measure)timesLeverage of the five largest investment banksFinancial Crisis Inquiry Commission Conclusion, p. xix
5.0% → 9.5% → 10.0%%Unemployment rateU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000
3.6 million (2008) + 4.7 million (through Dec. 2009)peopleJob lossesFinancial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 21, p. 390
882,848 million dollars (approx. 882.8 billion dollars)dollarsTotal assets of the Fed (consolidated for all Federal Reserve Banks, Wednesday balance)Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2007 H.4.1 (published 2007-11-29) Consolidated Statement of Condition・Total assets
2,311,893 million dollars (approx. 2.3119 trillion dollars)dollarsTotal assets of the Fed (consolidated for all Federal Reserve Banks, Wednesday balance)Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008 H.4.1 (published 2008-12-18) Consolidated Statement of Condition・Total assets
$0.97 (97 cents per share. Redemption requests before 3 PM were $1.00)dollars/shareNet Asset Value (NAV) per share of the Reserve Primary FundThe Reserve (Reserve Management Company, Inc.; Board of Trustees of The Reserve Fund) 2008 Press release, 2nd paragraph
349 billiondollarsWithdrawals from all prime MMFs (money market funds) — not the amount from the Reserve Primary Fund aloneFinancial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 357
$58 billion → $29 billiondollarsHoldings of financial company commercial paper by five large MMFs (the five firms that showed the largest reductions in the FCIC survey)Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 358
$150 billiondollarsAmount the Fed lent to banks to buy asset-backed commercial paper from MMFsFinancial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 359
$115 billion to 8 of 9 firms (allocation was $125 billion to 9 firms)dollarsCPP capital injection (first settlement)U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008 Capital Purchase Program section
$182.3 billion commitment fully recovered, with a profit of $22.7 billion (Treasury $5 billion, Fed $17.7 billion)dollarsFinal profit and loss on the AIG assistanceU.S. Department of the Treasury Table and text
$443.5 billion disbursed, lifetime cost approx. $31.1 billiondollarsTotal TARP disbursements and lifetime costU.S. Department of the Treasury Text and Key Facts
−45.7% (January 2009)%Japan's export value year-on-year change (preliminary)Ministry of Finance 2009 Total on page 1
−49.4% (February 2009)%Japan's export value year-on-year change (preliminary)Ministry of Finance 2009 Total on page 1
−33.1% (2009)%Japan's export value year-on-year change (preliminary)Ministry of Finance 2009 Total on page 1
−12.7%%Japan's real GDP (Q4 2008, quarter-on-quarter annualized rate) — First preliminary reportCabinet Office, Economic and Social Research Institute, Department of National Accounts 2008 Table of real, seasonally adjusted, quarter-on-quarter annualized rates
−9.2%%Japan's real GDP (Q4 2008, quarter-on-quarter annualized rate) — latest seriesCabinet Office, Economic and Social Research Institute, Department of National Accounts 2026 CSV of real, seasonally adjusted, quarter-on-quarter annualized rates
1,415 cases, approx. 85,000 people (85,012), of which 57,300 were dispatched workers (57,300 people, 67.4%)peopleTermination of non-regular workers' contracts, etc. (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, December report)Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Employment Security Bureau 2008 Text of the press release
4,127 business establishments, 238,752 people, of which 141,619 were dispatched workers (141,619 people, 59.3%)peopleTermination of non-regular workers' contracts, etc. (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, September report)Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Employment Security Bureau 2009 Page 1
30% of assets (approx. $100 billion)%Net redemptions from publicly offered institutional prime money market funds (MMFs)President’s Working Group on Financial Markets 2020 p. 14
Total assets approx. $209 billion, deposits approx. $175.4 billiondollarsTotal assets and deposits of Silicon Valley BankFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation 2023 Press release
25% of assets convertible to cash in one day, 50% of assets convertible to cash in one week%Minimum liquid assets for MMFs (after 2023 amendments)U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2023 88 FR 51404 (SUMMARY)
Total $750,000 ($100,000 for the son, $325,000 each for two companies)USDSEC vs. Reserve penalty (as reported)Reuters 2013 Article
Read moreSources for the figures in the diagrams
| Diagram | What the figure represents | Value | Date/Period | Source and location |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fig. 1 | Lehman Brothers files for bankruptcy. $10.8 billion in redemption requests in the morning. | — | September 15 (Mon) | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, pp. 356–357 |
| Fig. 1 | Custodian bank stops assisting with payments | — | September 15, 10:10 a.m. | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 356 |
| Fig. 1 | Board of trustees values Lehman bonds at 80 cents on the dollar | — | September 15 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 357 |
| Fig. 1 | SEC allegation: Requests exceed $20 billion, nearly half remain unpaid | — | September 15, around 5 p.m. | U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2009 Paragraph 107, p. 31 |
| Fig. 1 | Another $29 billion in redemption requests | — | September 15–16 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 357 |
| Fig. 1 | SEC allegation: Requests approx. $24.6 billion, only the first approx. $10.7 billion paid | — | September 16 (Tue), 9 a.m. | U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2009 § 116, p. 33 |
| Fig. 1 | One share is $0.99 (as acknowledged by the management company on November 26, 2008, according to the complaint). | — | September 16, 11 a.m. – 4 p.m. | U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2009 § 120, pp. 34–35 |
| Fig. 1 | The 4 p.m. announcement states that requests received before this time will be paid at $1.00 per share. | — | September 16, 3 p.m. (cutoff) | The Reserve (Reserve Management Company, Inc.; Board of Trustees of The Reserve Fund) 2008 Press release, 2nd paragraph |
| Fig. 1 | Lehman bonds valued at zero. Price per share announced at $0.97. | — | September 16, around 4 p.m. | The Reserve (Reserve Management Company, Inc.; Board of Trustees of The Reserve Fund) 2008 Press release, 2nd paragraph (SEC complaint, § 121, p. 35) |
| Fig. 1 | The Fed decides to lend up to $85 billion to AIG. | — | September 16, evening | Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008 |
| Fig. 1 | The Treasury Department begins guaranteeing MMFs (up to $50 billion for one year), and the Fed begins lending to banks that buy assets from MMFs. | — | September 19 (Friday) | U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008 |
| Fig. 1 | The fund asks the SEC to halt redemptions. | — | Four days after the 16th | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 357 |
| Fig. 1 | $349 billion is withdrawn from prime MMFs (the entire fund category) as a whole. This is not the amount from this single fund. | — | Within one week of breaking the buck | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Chapter 20, p. 357 |
| Fig. 2 | Diagram without numbers | — | — | — |
| Fig. 3 | Example: Bear Stearns (End of 2007) Capital (own money) | $11.8 billion | End of 2007 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Conclusion p.xix |
| Fig. 3 | Example: Bear Stearns (End of 2007) Liabilities (borrowed money) | $383.6 billion | End of 2007 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Conclusion p.xix |
| Fig. 3 | Example: Bear Stearns (End of 2007) Amount borrowed overnight (max) | $70 billion | End of 2007 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Conclusion p.xix |
| Fig. 3 | Leverage of the five largest investment banks | 40 to 1 (by one measure) | 2007 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Conclusion p.xix |
| Fig. 4 | Hypothetical value, not actual market average (collateral value, discount percentage (haircut)) | 100・0%／20% | — | — |
| Fig. 4 | Repo haircut index (equally weighted average of 9 types, excluding Treasury bonds) | 0.0% | First half of 2007 | Gary B. Gorton, Andrew Metrick 2009 Table I Panel D/E, Introduction p.5 |
| Fig. 4 | Repo haircut index (equally weighted average of 9 types, excluding Treasury bonds) | 3.9% | Second half of 2007 | Gary B. Gorton, Andrew Metrick 2009 Table I Panel D/E, Introduction p.5 |
| Fig. 4 | Repo haircut index (equally weighted average of 9 types, excluding Treasury bonds) | 27.2% | 2008 average | Gary B. Gorton, Andrew Metrick 2009 Table I Panel D/E, Introduction p.5 |
| Fig. 5 | Mortgage delinquencies begin to rise | — | 2007-02 | Markus K. Brunnermeier 2009 |
| Fig. 5 | BNP Paribas freezes redemptions for three of its funds; the ECB and the Fed provide liquidity | — | 2007-08-09 | Markus K. Brunnermeier 2009 |
| Fig. 5 | Acquisition of Bear Stearns is announced; the Fed opens a lending facility for investment banks as well | — | 2008-03-16 | Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008 |
| Fig. 5 | Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are placed under government conservatorship | — | 2008-09-07 | U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008 |
| Fig. 5 | Lehman Brothers files for bankruptcy | — | 2008-09-15 | Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission |
| Fig. 5 | A share in the Reserve Primary Fund drops to $0.97. The Fed decides to lend up to $85 billion to AIG. | — | 2008-09-16 | Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008 |
| Fig. 5 | The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act is passed (authorizing up to $700 billion to purchase troubled assets). | — | 2008-10-03 | 110th Congress of the United States 2008 |
| Fig. 5 | The Fed sets its target for the policy rate to a range of 0–0.25% | — | 2008-12-16 | Federal Open Market Committee 2008 |
| Fig. 5 | The U.S. economy hits a trough (the contraction lasted 18 months) | — | 2009-06 | National Bureau of Economic Research, Business Cycle Dating Committee |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 4.4% | 2007-03 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 5.0% | 2007-12 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 5.6% | 2008-06 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 6.1% | 2008-09 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 7.3% | 2008-12 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 8.7% | 2009-03 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 9.5% | 2009-06 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 10.0% | 2009-10 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 9.4% | 2010-06 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 6 | Unemployment Rate (16 years and over, seasonally adjusted) | 9.3% | 2010-12 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics LNS14000000 |
| Fig. 7 | An MMF share falls to $0.97. Within a week, $349 billion is withdrawn from prime MMFs (a group of funds) as a whole, and the commercial paper market shrinks. | — | September 16, 2008 | — |
| Fig. 7 | Investment banks have 40 in assets for every 1 in capital. They hold assets with overnight borrowing. | — | 2000-2007 | — |
| Fig. 7 | Unemployment rate reaches 10.0% | — | October 2009 | — |
Read MoreWhat the Evidence Shows
The historical sources are divided into four groups. First, official documents: the conclusion and relevant chapters of the FCIC Final Report (January 2011, a U.S. government publication), announcements from the Fed, Treasury, SEC, and FDIC, Treasury reports to Congress, the text of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act, the SEC's 2023 rules on MMFs, and decisions from the Bank of Japan. Second, official statistics: BLS unemployment rates, NBER business cycle dates, FHFA house price index, the Fed's weekly H.4.1 statistics, Japan's Ministry of Finance trade statistics, Cabinet Office preliminary GDP reports, and Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare reports. Third, research: Brunnermeier (2009) was read in its entirety, along with relevant sections of Gorton and Metrick's 2009 draft and staff papers from the New York Fed and BIS. Fourth, dissenting opinions: two minority opinions from the FCIC were read for the introduction and conclusion.
The FCIC majority opinion concludes that the crisis was avoidable, citing failures in regulation and supervision, governance, excessive borrowing and opacity, government unpreparedness, a collapse of ethics, the securitization pipeline, over-the-counter derivatives, and credit rating agencies. The commission's position is that GSEs contributed but were not the primary cause, and that excess liquidity was a precondition but not the cause. In contrast, three commissioners, arguing that any single-cause theory is insufficient and the majority opinion too broad, listed 10 essential causes and attributed the credit bubble to international capital flows and a re-evaluation of risk. Another commissioner posits that government housing policy, which created 27 million high-risk loans, was a necessary condition. On the research side, Brunnermeier premises his argument on low interest rates (due to capital inflows from Asia and Fed interest rate policy) and the shift to an "originate-to-distribute" model. There is no consensus on the true cause, either within the commission or among researchers.
These sources have biases and limitations. The announcements from the Fed and Treasury are documents from the actors themselves, with the reasoning written by those actors. Brunnermeier's paper only covers events up to October 2008. Gorton and Metrick's index uses an average for the period shown in the table. The figures cited by the FCIC regarding ratings (Moody's rating nearly 45,000 mortgage-related securities as AAA from 2000 to 2007, with 83% of the 2006 AAAs later downgraded) are based on the commission's case studies. Because the numbers in the FCIC report's PDF cannot be extracted as text by normal means, they have been read in conjunction with figures from Fed and SEC announcements. The SEC's complaint represents the plaintiff's claims, and the outcome of the lawsuit was reported by news agencies. The original Lehman bankruptcy examiner's report and FOMC minutes are not included in the materials listed here.
Contemporary Records
Official Documents
- The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report
- Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet: Crisis response
- Federal Reserve announces it will initiate a program to purchase the direct obligations of housing-related GSEs and MBS
- FOMC statement (December 16, 2008)
- On the Change in Monetary Policy (December 19, 2008)
- On the Change in Monetary Policy, etc. (October 31, 2008)
- FOMC statement (September 18, 2007)
- Federal Reserve Board discount rate action (August 17, 2007)
- Federal Reserve and other central banks announce measures designed to address elevated pressures in short-term funding markets (December 12, 2007)
- Federal Reserve announces two initiatives designed to bolster market liquidity and promote orderly market functioning (March 16, 2008)
- Federal Reserve Board announces several initiatives to provide additional support to financial markets, including enhancements to its existing liquidity facilities (September 14, 2008)
- Federal Reserve Board, with full support of the Treasury Department, authorizes the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to lend up to $85 billion to the American International Group (AIG) (September 16, 2008)
- Federal Reserve Board announces two enhancements to its programs to provide liquidity to markets (September 19, 2008)
- Open Market Operations — FOMC's target federal funds rate or range, change (basis points) and level (2003〜)
- SEC Charges Operators of Reserve Primary Fund With Fraud (Press Release 2009-104, May 5, 2009)
- Treasury Announces Guaranty Program for Money Market Funds (hp-1147, September 19, 2008)
- Statement by Secretary Henry M. Paulson, Jr. on Treasury and Federal Housing Finance Agency Action to Protect Financial Markets and Taxpayers (hp-1129, September 7, 2008)
- Unemployment Rate, 16 years and over, seasonally adjusted (LNS14000000), monthly 2007–2010 — BLS Public Data API v2
- The Recession of 2007–2009 (BLS Spotlight on Statistics, February 2012)
- All-Transactions House Price Index for the United States (USSTHPI), quarterly, 1980Q1=100 — FHFA (Copy: FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis)
- H.4.1 Factors Affecting Reserve Balances (release of November 29, 2007)
- H.4.1 Factors Affecting Reserve Balances (release of December 18, 2008)
- Federal Reserve announces Term Securities Lending Facility (Press Release, March 11, 2008)
- FOMC statement (June 29, 2006)
- Treasury Announces TARP Capital Purchase Program Description (HP-1207, October 14, 2008)
- Joint Statement by Treasury, Federal Reserve and FDIC (HP-1206, October 14, 2008)
- Tranche Report to Congress (First Tranche Report, November 4, 2008)
- FHFA House Price Index — All-Transactions Index, U.S. and Census Divisions (quarterly, not seasonally adjusted, 1980Q1=100)
- Treasury Receives Payment From Its Final Sale of AIG Common Stock, Bringing Positive Return on Overall AIG Commitment to $22.7 Billion (TG-1805, December 14, 2012)
- TARP Programs — AIG: Status
- About TARP
- Overview of Trade Statistics (Preliminary) for January 2009
- Overview of Trade Statistics (Preliminary) for February 2009
- Overview of Trade Statistics (Preliminary) for the year 2009
- Quarterly GDP Report, Time Series Table, Q4 2008 (1st Preliminary Estimate)
- Quarterly GDP Report, Q2 2026 (2nd Preliminary Estimate), Table of Real Seasonally Adjusted Quarter-on-Quarter Annualized Rate
- Report on the Status of Termination of Employment of Non-Regular Workers (December Report)
- Report on the Status of Termination of Employment of Non-Regular Workers (September Report: Preliminary)
- Overview of Recent Events and Potential Reform Options for Money Market Funds (Report of the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets, December 2020)
- FDIC Creates a Deposit Insurance National Bank of Santa Clara to Protect Insured Depositors of Silicon Valley Bank, Santa Clara, California (PR-16-2023, March 10, 2023)
Court Records
- Public Law 110-343 — Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (H.R. 1424, October 3, 2008)
- Complaint, SEC v. Reserve Management Company, Inc., Resrv Partners, Inc., Bruce Bent Sr. and Bruce Bent II, and The Reserve Primary Fund (Relief Defendant), S.D.N.Y., May 5, 2009
- Money Market Fund Reforms; Form PF Reporting Requirements for Large Liquidity Fund Advisers (Final rule, 88 FR 51404, August 3, 2023)
Institutional Accounts
Research
Attribution of Causes
FCIC Majority Opinion
Avoidable. Failures in regulation and supervision, governance, excessive borrowing, government unpreparedness, ethics, securitization, OTC, ratings. GSEs not the primary cause. Excess liquidity a precondition but not the cause.
Financial Crisis Inquiry CommissionFCIC Dissenting Opinion (Hennessey, Holtz-Eakin, Thomas)
Any single-cause theory is insufficient; the majority opinion is too broad. 10 essential causes. The cause of the credit bubble was international capital flows and the re-evaluation of risk; monetary policy may have been an amplifying factor but was not essential.
Financial Crisis Inquiry CommissionFCIC Dissenting Opinion (Wallison)
A necessary condition was that government housing policy created 27 million high-risk loans.
Financial Crisis Inquiry CommissionBrunnermeier 2009
Premised on low interest rates (capital inflows and Fed policy) and the shift to "originate-to-distribute." Amplification mechanisms turned losses into a crisis.
Markus K. Brunnermeier 2009Type of Crisis
Classification of this page
Crisis as primary, mania (housing) as secondary. All four parties assume that the rise in housing prices was unsustainable.
Could Lehman Have Been Saved?
Brunnermeier 2009
Buyers demanded a government guarantee, and the Treasury and the Fed did not provide a guarantee with taxpayer funds.
Markus K. Brunnermeier 2009FCIC Dissenting Opinion (Hennessey et al.)
Judging by their actions with other failed institutions, they would have taken any available option.
Financial Crisis Inquiry CommissionFCIC Majority Opinion
The inconsistency of bailing out Bear → GSEs → not bailing out Lehman → bailing out AIG increased uncertainty.
Financial Crisis Inquiry CommissionRead moreBibliography (51 items)
- The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (USA, published by the Government Publishing Office)・Open source
- Shadow Banking (Staff Report no. 458, July 2010, revised February 2012) Zoltan Pozsar, Tobias Adrian, Adam Ashcraft, Hayley Boesky — Federal Reserve Bank of New York・Open source
- Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet: Crisis response Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・Open source
- Central bank swaps then and now: swaps and dollar liquidity in the 1960s BIS — Robert N McCauley, Catherine R Schenk・2020-04-01・Open source
- Federal Reserve announces it will initiate a program to purchase the direct obligations of housing-related GSEs and MBS Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-11-25・Open source
- FOMC statement (December 16, 2008) Federal Open Market Committee・2008-12-16・Open source
- On the Change in Monetary Policy (December 19, 2008) Bank of Japan (Policy Board, Monetary Policy Meeting)・2008-12-19・Open source
- On Changes, etc. in Monetary Policy (October 31, 2008) Bank of Japan (Policy Board, Monetary Policy Meeting)・2008-10-31・Open source
- FOMC statement (September 18, 2007) Federal Open Market Committee・2007-09-18・Open source
- Federal Reserve Board discount rate action (August 17, 2007) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2007-08-17・Open source
- Federal Reserve and other central banks announce measures designed to address elevated pressures in short-term funding markets (December 12, 2007) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2007-12-12・Open source
- Federal Reserve announces two initiatives designed to bolster market liquidity and promote orderly market functioning (March 16, 2008) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-03-16・Open source
- Federal Reserve Board announces several initiatives to provide additional support to financial markets, including enhancements to its existing liquidity facilities (September 14, 2008) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-09-14・Open source
- Federal Reserve Board, with full support of the Treasury Department, authorizes the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to lend up to $85 billion to the American International Group (AIG) (September 16, 2008) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-09-16・Open document
- Federal Reserve Board announces two enhancements to its programs to provide liquidity to markets (September 19, 2008) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-09-19・Open document
- Open Market Operations — FOMC's target federal funds rate or range, change (basis points) and level (2003–) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・Open document
- SEC Charges Operators of Reserve Primary Fund With Fraud (Press Release 2009-104, May 5, 2009) U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission・2009-05-05・Open document
- Treasury Announces Guaranty Program for Money Market Funds (hp-1147, September 19, 2008) U.S. Department of the Treasury・2008-09-19・Open document
- Statement by Secretary Henry M. Paulson, Jr. on Treasury and Federal Housing Finance Agency Action to Protect Financial Markets and Taxpayers (hp-1129, September 7, 2008) U.S. Department of the Treasury・2008-09-07・Open document
- Public Law 110-343 — Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (H.R. 1424, October 3, 2008) 110th Congress of the United States (via U.S. Government Publishing Office)・2008-10-03・Open document
- Unemployment Rate, 16 years and over, seasonally adjusted (LNS14000000), monthly 2007–2010 — BLS Public Data API v2 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (Current Population Survey)・Open document
- The Recession of 2007–2009 (BLS Spotlight on Statistics, February 2012) U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics・Open document
- US Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions National Bureau of Economic Research, Business Cycle Dating Committee・Open document
- All-Transactions House Price Index for the United States (USSTHPI), quarterly, 1980Q1=100 — FHFA (copy: FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis) U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency (distributed by: FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis)・Open document
- Securitized Banking and the Run on Repo (NBER Working Paper 15223, August 2009) Gary B. Gorton, Andrew Metrick — National Bureau of Economic Research・2009-08・Open document
- Securitized banking and the run on repo Gary Gorton, Andrew Metrick — Journal of Financial Economics 104(3)・2012-06・Open document
- Deciphering the Liquidity and Credit Crunch 2007–2008 Markus K. Brunnermeier — Journal of Economic Perspectives 23(1)・2009-01・Open document
- The Reserve Fund — Press Release, September 16, 2008 (The Primary Fund: Lehman securities valued at zero; NAV $0.97 per share) The Reserve (Reserve Management Company, Inc.; Board of Trustees of The Reserve Fund)・2008-09-16・Open document
- Complaint, SEC v. Reserve Management Company, Inc., Resrv Partners, Inc., Bruce Bent Sr. and Bruce Bent II, and The Reserve Primary Fund (Relief Defendant), S.D.N.Y., May 5, 2009 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission・2009-05-05・Open document
- H.4.1 Factors Affecting Reserve Balances (release of November 29, 2007) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2007-11-28・Open document
- H.4.1 Factors Affecting Reserve Balances (release of December 18, 2008) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-12-17・Open document
- Federal Reserve announces Term Securities Lending Facility (Press Release, March 11, 2008) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System・2008-03-11・Open document
- FOMC statement (June 29, 2006) Federal Open Market Committee・2006-06-29・Open document
- Treasury Announces TARP Capital Purchase Program Description (HP-1207, October 14, 2008) U.S. Department of the Treasury・2008-10-14・Open document
- Joint Statement by Treasury, Federal Reserve and FDIC (HP-1206, October 14, 2008) U.S. Department of the Treasury (Joint statement by the Secretary of the Treasury, Fed Chairman, and FDIC Chairman)・2008-10-14・Open document
- Tranche Report to Congress (First Tranche Report, November 4, 2008) U.S. Department of the Treasury・2008-11-04・Open document
- FHFA House Price Index — All-Transactions Index, U.S. and Census Divisions (quarterly, not seasonally adjusted, 1980Q1=100) U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency・Open document
- Judge awards $750,000 in case of money fund that ‘broke buck’ (Reuters, Oct 1, 2013) Reuters (Published in Business Insurance)・2013-10-01・Open document
- Treasury Receives Payment From Its Final Sale of AIG Common Stock, Bringing Positive Return on Overall AIG Commitment to $22.7 Billion (TG-1805, December 14, 2012) U.S. Department of the Treasury・2012-12-14・Open document
- TARP Programs — AIG: Status U.S. Department of the Treasury・Open document
- About TARP U.S. Department of the Treasury・Open document
- Summary of Preliminary Trade Statistics for January 2009 Ministry of Finance (Press Release, Customs)・2009-01・Open document
- Summary of Preliminary Trade Statistics for February 2009 Ministry of Finance (Press Release, Customs)・2009-02・Open document
- Summary of Preliminary Trade Statistics for 2009 Ministry of Finance (Press Release, Customs)・2009・Open document
- Quarterly GDP Report (Preliminary) Time Series Table, Oct-Dec 2008 (1st Preliminary Estimate) Department of National Accounts, Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office・2008-10–12・Open document
- Quarterly GDP Report (Preliminary), Apr-Jun 2026 (2nd Preliminary Estimate), Table of Real Seasonally Adjusted Annualized Quarter-on-Quarter Growth Rate Department of National Accounts, Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office・Open document
- Status of Termination of Employment of Non-Regular Workers (December Report) Employment Security Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare・2008-12-19・Open document
- Status of Termination of Employment of Non-Regular Workers (September Report: Preliminary) Employment Security Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare・2009-09-18・Open document
- Overview of Recent Events and Potential Reform Options for Money Market Funds (Report of the President’s Working Group on Financial Markets, December 2020) President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (Published by the U.S. Department of the Treasury)・2020-12・Open document
- FDIC Creates a Deposit Insurance National Bank of Santa Clara to Protect Insured Depositors of Silicon Valley Bank, Santa Clara, California (PR-16-2023, March 10, 2023) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation・2023-03-10・Open document
- Money Market Fund Reforms; Form PF Reporting Requirements for Large Liquidity Fund Advisers (Final rule, 88 FR 51404, August 3, 2023) U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission・2023-07-12・Open document
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