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Bubbles, frauds and financial crises
Bubbles, fraud, crises. Events that significantly shook the world of money.
The same incident never happens twice. However, there are monetary problems that recur across eras. For each incident, we describe what happened, how money moved, whether common narratives are true, and how it connects to the present.
View by Mechanism22
- All
- Narrative
- Credit expansion
- Leverage
- Asset-price feedback
- Collateral
- Liquidity
- Maturity mismatch
- Funding run
- Opacity
- False records
- False claim
- Custody
- Conflict of interest
- Regulatory perimeter
- Monetary debasement
- Capital flow
- Lender of last resort
- Policy response
- Settlement
- Network effect
- Securitization
- Shadow banking
By Question12What was the collateral?
View by Source Type164
- All
- "Junius" (anonymous) 1846
- "Vel Quasi" (pseudonym) 1621
- *Encyclopædia Britannica*, 11th edition (Cambridge University Press, 1911) 1911
- *The Gentleman's Magazine* (Sylvanus Urban, London: Nichols, Son, and Bentley, 1815). Table created by Richardson, Goodluck, & Co., Bank Buildings (copy from Internet Archive). 1815
- 110th Congress of the United States (published by the U.S. Government Publishing Office). 2008
- A. Piatt Andrew 1908
- A. Piatt Andrew 1908
- Andrew Odlyzko 2010
- Anne Goldgar 2007
- Anne Goldgar— The Conversation 2018
- Anonymous (printed by: Adriaen Roman, Haarlem) 1637
- Antoin E. Murphy 1997
- Author unknown 1621
- Author unknown 1622
- Bank of England
- Bank of Japan
- Bank of Japan (Policy Board, Monetary Policy Meeting) 2008
- Bank of Japan (Policy Board, Monetary Policy Meeting) 2008
- Barthélemy Marmont du Hautchamp (La Haye: Pierre de Hondt, 1739) 1739
- Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1887
- BIS 2020
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2007
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2007
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2007
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2008
- Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 2021
- Cabinet Office (Annual Report on Economy and Public Finance, Long-Term Economic Statistics).
- Carola Frydman, Eric Hilt, Lily Y. Zhou 2012
- Carola Frydman, Eric Hilt, Lily Y. Zhou 2015
- Charles Mackay 1841
- Charles Mackay 1852
- Charles P. Kindleberger 1991
- CoinsWeekly
- Conseil d'État du Roi— BnF Gallica 1720
- Conseil d'État du Roi— BnF Gallica, département Droit, économie, politique, F-21086 (35) 1720
- D. Morier Evans 1848
- Department of National Accounts, Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office 2008
- Department of National Accounts, Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office 2026
- Deutsche Bundesbank (exhibition commentary from the Money Museum, PDF 2 pages)
- Dictionary of National Biography (London: Smith, Elder, 1897; no author name listed) 1897
- Earl A. Thompson 2006
- Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office
- Edited by Muramatsu Michio and Okuno Masahiro 2002
- Edited by Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc. 2000
- Emperor Ferdinand I and the Imperial Estates 1559
- Ernst Heinrich Krelage 1942
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 2023
- Federal Open Market Committee 2006
- Federal Open Market Committee 2007
- Federal Open Market Committee 2008
- Federal Reserve History 2015
- Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (United States, published by the Government Publishing Office)
- Financial Services Agency, Supervisory Bureau, Coordination Division, Supervisory and Research Office. 2020
- François R. Velde 2003
- François R. Velde 2007
- G5 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (copy of the statement: University of Toronto G7 Information Centre). 1985
- Gareth Campbell 2013
- Gareth Campbell, John D. Turner 2012
- Gary B. Gorton, Andrew Metrick 2009
- Gary Gorton, Andrew Metrick 2012
- Gary Gorton, Ellis W. Tallman 2016
- Georges Dairnvaell (pen name "Satan") 1846
- House of Commons 1846
- House of Commons 1846
- House of Commons 1846
- House of Commons 1847
- Hubert Emmerig 2010
- Ignatius Balla 1913
- Irving H. Picard, SIPA Trustee for the liquidation of BLMIS
- Irving H. Picard, SIPA Trustee for the liquidation of BLMIS
- Japan Real Estate Institute
- Jean Buvat (scribe at the Royal Library. Edited by Émile Campardon, Paris: Plon, 1865) 1720
- John Francis 1851
- John Law— Yale Law School, The Avalon Project 1705
- John Reeves 1887
- Jon R. Moen, Ellis W. Tallman 1992
- Louis XV— BnF Gallica 1718
- Louis XV— BnF Gallica, département Droit, économie, politique, F-20974 (93) 1716
- Louis XV— BnF Gallica, département Droit, économie, politique, F-21078 (112) 1717
- Markus K. Brunnermeier 2009
- Martha White Paas (co-authored with John Roger Paas, George C. Schoolfield) 2012
- Martin Wörle (Brieffmaler, Augsburg) 1621
- Mike Dash 2012
- Ministry of Finance (Press Release, Customs). 2009
- Ministry of Finance (Press Release, Customs). 2009
- Ministry of Finance (Press Release, Customs). 2009
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Employment Security Bureau 2008
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Employment Security Bureau 2009
- Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Land and Water Bureau, Land Price Research Division.
- Minutes of the Imperial Diet 1927
- Minutes of the Imperial Diet 1946
- N. W. Posthumus 1929
- Nagoya University Laws and Regulations Database 1946
- Nagoya University Laws and Regulations Database 1946
- Nagoya University Laws and Regulations Database 1946
- National Bureau of Economic Research, Business Cycle Dating Committee
- National Diet Library, Search System for Minutes of Diet Proceedings (Minutes of the House of Representatives) 1990
- National Diet Library, Search System for Minutes of Diet Proceedings (Minutes of the House of Representatives) 1990
- National Diet Library, Search System for Minutes of Diet Proceedings (Minutes of the House of Representatives) 1990
- National Diet Library, Search System for Minutes of Diet Proceedings (Minutes of the House of Representatives) 1992
- National Diet Library, Search System for Minutes of Diet Proceedings (Minutes of the House of Representatives) 1992
- National Printing Bureau, Banknote and Postage Stamp Museum 2024
- Nicolas Dutot (cashier of the Indies Company. La Haye: Vaillant & Prevost, 1738) 1738
- Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc. 2011
- Noguchi Yukio 1992
- O. M. W. Sprague 1910
- Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, U.S. Treasury Department 1907
- Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, U.S. Treasury Department 1908
- Official Gazette 1927
- Official Gazette 1927
- Official Gazette 1927
- Official Gazette 1927
- Official Gazette 1946
- Official Gazette 1946
- Okina Kunio, Shirakawa Masaaki, and Shiratsuka Shigenori 2001
- Oliver Volckart 2017
- One Hundred Year History of the Bank of Japan, Vol. 3
- One Hundred Year History of the Bank of Japan, Vol. 5
- Parliament of the United Kingdom 1844
- Parliament of the United Kingdom 1846
- Parliament of the United Kingdom 1846
- Peter M. Garber 1990
- President’s Working Group on Financial Markets (published by the U.S. Department of the Treasury). 2020
- Reuters (published in Business Insurance) 2013
- Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) 2008
- Senta Herkle・Marius Wieandt 2022
- Shōwa Financial History, Vol. 19
- The London Gazette (Published by Authority) 1815
- The Reserve (Reserve Management Company, Inc.; Board of Trustees of The Reserve Fund) 2008
- The Rothschild Archive
- The Rothschild Archive
- The Rothschild Archive (People page on the Rothschild Research Forum).
- Thomas Tooke 1848
- U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of New York 2020
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 2012
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- U.S. Department of the Treasury
- U.S. Department of the Treasury (Joint Statement by the Secretary of the Treasury, Fed Chairman, and FDIC Chairman). 2008
- U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008
- U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008
- U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008
- U.S. Department of the Treasury 2008
- U.S. Department of the Treasury 2012
- U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York (Hon. Denny Chin) 2009
- U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
- U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency (distributed by: FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis).
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2008
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2009
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2009
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 2023
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Office of Inspector General 2009
- Ulrich Rosseaux 2001
- United States Congress 1908
- United States Congress 1913
- W. A. Shaw 1895
- Zoltan Pozsar, Tobias Adrian, Adam Ashcraft, Hayley Boesky 2012
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Global Financial Crisis 2007–09
The day one dollar per share became 97 cents
Credit expansionSecuritizationLeverageCollateralLiquidityMaturity mismatchShadow bankingFunding runLender of last resortPolicy response
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Japan's Asset Bubble of the 1980s
The day the Nikkei average ended the year at 38,915 yen
NarrativeCredit expansionCollateralAsset-price feedbackLeveragePolicy response