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BIBLIOGRAPHY

US Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions

National Bureau of Economic Research, Business Cycle Dating Committee

Claims Supported by This Source

  1. The business cycle peak was December 2007 (2007 Q4), the trough was June 2009 (2009 Q2). Contraction was 18 months, preceded by an expansion of 73 months (from the November 2001 trough).
  2. Previous cycle: peak March 2001, trough November 2001 (8-month contraction). Next cycle: peak February 2020, trough April 2020 (2-month contraction). The average contraction from 1854–2020 was 17.0 months.

How to read the verification levels. 'Read' means the material was read in its entirety. 'Bibliography and abstract confirmed' means the bibliographic information and abstract were verified. 'Via course material' means the source was referenced through the main text of a book or a country's monetary history. The text hash is the SHA-256 of the main text from the original source page, excluding tags and whitespace, used to detect if the material has been altered.