Money of the world

• Grasping the History of Money at a Glance Opens when you register First stepsFrom before the birth of coins to banks and digital payments. We will survey the changes in money through the ages.
• Silver Coins that Crossed the World Opens when you register In depthPotosí, Manila, China, Japan. We will trace the paths where silver was mined, transported, and used.
• The People Who Linked and Severed Gold and Paper Money Opens when you register In depthNewton, Ricardo, Nixon. We examine the decisions surrounding the gold standard through the people and the times.

By era and country

• Money history: Overview: the world 41 chapters in all · about 4 h 27 min
• Money history: France 35 chapters in all · about 2 h 40 min
• Money history: Britain 37 chapters in all · about 2 h 23 min
• Money history: Germany 35 chapters in all · about 2 h 20 min
• Money history: United States 35 chapters in all · about 2 h 11 min
• Money history: Spain 36 chapters in all · about 2 h 23 min
• Money history: Netherlands 36 chapters in all · about 2 h 31 min
• Money history: China 36 chapters in all · about 2 h 12 min
• Money history: Portugal 41 chapters in all · about 2 h 9 min
• Money history: Italy 44 chapters in all · about 2 h 30 min
• Money history: Mexico 44 chapters in all · about 2 h 14 min
• Money history: India 41 chapters in all · about 2 h 52 min
• Money history: Russia 41 chapters in all · about 2 h 17 min
• Money history: Austria 40 chapters in all · about 2 h 1 min
• Money history: Turkey 41 chapters in all · about 1 h 57 min
• Money history: Korea 41 chapters in all · about 2 h 13 min
• Money history: Greece 44 chapters in all · about 2 h 26 min
• Money history: Rothschild family (Frankfurt, London, Paris, Vienna, Naples) 35 chapters in all · about 2 h 11 min
• Where Did Money Come From? Opens when you register First stepsTracing the origins of money, from ancient ledgers and metal paid by weight to stamped coins.
• Tracing the Era of the Gold Standard Opens when you register First stepsHow did money tied to gold change trade and banking? We will trace the developments in various countries during the 19th century.
• Comparing the Origins of Money Opens when you register FurtherWe will compare early coinage from Lydia, China, and India, which differed in shape and method of production.
• The Origins of Money in Lydia, China, and India Opens when you register In depthWe will compare the early coinage of the three regions to consider their commonalities and the extent to which they can be said to have been invented independently.
• The People Who Unified Nations and Changed Money Opens when you register In depthWe trace the stories of Alexander, Qin Shi Huang, Charlemagne, and the Meiji Reforms through the unification of their currencies.
• Monetary Reforms of the Roman Empire Opens when you register In depthFrom Nero to Diocletian. We trace how the emperors changed the composition and system of money.
• The History of Jewish Life and Finance Opens when you register FurtherWe will consider the relationship with finance and its narratives, drawing from records of occupational constraints, commerce, tax collection, and lending.

By theme

• Why the Composition of Gold and Silver Coins Changed Opens when you register FurtherWe will examine what happened to trade and people's lives when the amount of metal in coins of the same face value changed.
• Face Value and Intrinsic Value Opens when you register FurtherThe stated value, the metal content, and the quantity of goods one can buy. We will consider these as separate measures of worth.
• Shrines, Temples, Faith, and Money Opens when you register FurtherEnglish 'money', French 'monnaie', German 'Münze'. All derive from the name of the temple of the goddess Juno Moneta on a Roman hill.
• Who Paid for the Wars? Opens when you register FurtherWe will trace the costs of war and where the burden fell by examining taxes, debt, paper money, and reparations.
• The Unification of a Country and Money Opens when you register FurtherWhen a country unifies, what happens to its disparate currencies? We will compare the processes of standardization.
• Why can banknotes be used as money? Opens when you register FurtherFrom notes exchangeable for metal to notes that do not promise exchange. We will compare the systems that support banknotes.
• History of Banks and Credit Opens when you register FurtherTransacting with strangers and paying over long distances. At such times, someone verifies the other party and underwrites the risk of non-payment.
• Money Used Across Borders Opens when you register FurtherAthenian owl tetradrachms, 8-reales, dollars. We will compare the conditions that allowed currencies to be accepted abroad.
• Currencies that unite, currencies that divide Opens when you register FurtherAlliances, unification, independence. Learn about the advantages and difficulties when multiple countries use the same money.
• Money That Is No Longer Used Opens when you register FurtherThere are four patterns for when a currency ceases to serve its role.
• Considering "Bad money drives out good" Opens when you register In depthWhat happens when money of different intrinsic values is used at the same face value? We will learn the conditions and history of this law.
• Who decides the value of money? Opens when you register In depthUsing the arguments of John Law and Ogiwara Shigehide as a starting point, we will consider the relationship between material and face value.
• The People Who Contemplated Money Opens when you register First stepsIs it metal, or is it a promise? We will examine the debates of philosophers and thinkers alongside historical examples.
• Gifts, Lending/Borrowing, and Money Opens when you register First stepsWe will explore the relationship between money and human connections, using gifts, debt, and ritual objects as our guide.
• Money as Depicted in Literature Opens when you register First stepsWe will examine life in past eras by reading about payments, poverty, and wealth as they appear in the works of Homer and in Japanese classics.
• Dollar, Yen, Bank—The Origin of Words Opens when you register First stepsWe will trace the path by which the names of weights, places, and tools became words for money.
• Disasters, Epidemics, and Money Opens when you register First stepsDuring famines and earthquakes, how did prices and payments change? We will consider this based on Japanese records.
• Comparing Past Prices and Salaries Opens when you register First stepsHow much would a Roman soldier's annual salary be today? We will learn about the yardsticks for comparison and the limits of calculation.
• How the State and Taxes Support Money Opens when you register First stepsWe will examine the relationship between acceptance for taxes and the circulation of money, drawing on academic theories and historical records.
• Is It Really True? Checking History First steps・Free in full · no registration neededWe re-examine the origins of money and famous anecdotes, comparing them with historical records and actual artifacts.