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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Wikipedia「William Chaloner」

Wikipedia (according to the sources of each article)

Claims Supported by This Source

  1. In a pamphlet from December 1692 (or 1694, according to a version citing the BBC), he proposed licensing tools and deeper grooves on coin edges.
  2. Tried on March 3, 1699, and hanged at Tyburn on March 22.
  3. In 1697, to prosecute Chaloner, who was arrested for counterfeiting in Egham, the testimony of fellow counterfeiter Thomas Holloway was needed. However, Chaloner, from prison, paid Holloway 20 pounds through a pub owner, Michael Gilligan, to flee to Scotland, thus collapsing the prosecution ('Royal Mint scams').
  4. Arrested again at the end of October 1698 and imprisoned in Newgate, Newton used a network of collaborators and informants to obtain many depositions from Chaloner's former associates ('Lottery ticket scam', 'Trial and death').
  5. The trial at the Old Bailey on March 3, 1699, involved two indictments for high treason (counterfeiting French pistole gold coins in 1692, and crown and half-crown silver coins in 1698). Newton presented 8 witnesses; Catherine Coffey stated she saw him strike pistoles, and Elizabeth Holloway stated her husband was paid to flee from testifying at the 1697 trial ('Trial and death'; sources: ODNB and Levenson, 'Newton and the Counterfeiter').
  6. Chaloner claimed the witnesses were committing perjury to save their own necks, and also argued that the alleged crimes took place in the City and Surrey, outside the jurisdiction of the Middlesex court. The jury reached a verdict in minutes, and the sentence was passed the next day ('Trial and death').

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