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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Herodotus, The Histories, Books 6–8 (trans. A. D. Godley; Perseus edition, TEI XML)

Herodotus (English translation by A. D. Godley, Perseus Digital Library)

Claims Supported by This Source

  1. At Marathon, the Athenians charged at a run, the first known to do so (6.112). Casualties were about 6,400 on the Persian side and 192 on the Athenian side (6.117).
  2. The runner Philippides ran to Sparta before the battle to ask for reinforcements (6.105–106). After the battle, the entire army marched back to the city (6.116). There is no story of a runner who announced the victory and died.
  3. Xerxes's fighting men, by his own estimate, numbered 2,641,610; including attendants, the total was 5,283,220 (7.185–186).
  4. Breakdown of the Greek forces at Thermopylae (7.202–203). After news of the detour, many departed, leaving the Spartans, 700 Thespians, and the Thebans as hostages (7.219–222). The Theban soldiers surrendered (7.233).
  5. Instead of distributing the revenue from the mines at 10 drachmas per person, they built 200 ships for the war with Aegina. That war made the Athenians into seamen and saved Greece (7.144).
  6. The elders interpreted the oracle's "wooden wall" as the thorn-hedge of the Acropolis, while Themistocles interpreted it as the ships (7.141–143).
  7. Themistocles sent his servant Sicinnus to the Persian fleet (8.75). The Athenian ships numbered 180; the total number of triremes was 378 (8.44, 48). Xerxes had scribes write down names at the foot of Mount Aigaleos (8.90).

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