reparations

賠償　—　Institutions

What a beaten country pays to the country that beat it.

Napoléon (20-franc gold coin)1803– Banque de France note, 20 francs1871 Twenty-mark gold coin1873

⚠ These cannot be paid in one's own currency. They must be paid in the currency of the recipient or in gold, which forces the paying country to continuously sell its own currency, causing it to devalue without limit.