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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Consumer Affairs Centers, etc., Nationwide

National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan

Claims Supported by This Source

  1. The number for the Consumer Hotline is 188.
  2. If you cannot connect to your nearest consultation service, the National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan offers backup consultation (weekdays 10:00-16:00, 03-3446-0999. The number will change from December 3, 2025).

How to read the verification levels. 'Read' means the material was read in its entirety. 'Bibliography and abstract confirmed' means the bibliographic information and abstract were verified. 'Via course material' means the source was referenced through the main text of a book or a country's monetary history. The text hash is the SHA-256 of the main text from the original source page, excluding tags and whitespace, used to detect if the material has been altered.