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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan (1858) English text

"World and Japan" Database (Principal Investigator: Tanaka Akihiko)

Claims Supported by This Source

  1. Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Japan and the United States (July 29, 1858, Edo), Article 5: "All foreign coin shall be current in Japan, and pass for its corresponding weight of Japanese coin of the same description" — Foreign currency shall circulate as the same weight of Japanese currency of the same type.
  2. Same article: Americans and Japanese may freely use foreign currency for payments to each other. For one year after the opening of the ports, the Japanese government will exchange it for Japanese currency of the same weight, without charging for recoinage.
  3. Same article: All coins, with the exception of Japanese copper coins, may be exported from Japan.

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