Start hereDictionarySearch
English
日本語English中文ItalianoFrançaisDeutschEspañol
Sign in Fees and how to study
NOMISMA
Read history Money history: the world and JapanBubbles, frauds and financial crisesPeople who changed moneyReadingsSee all of Read history
Understand how money works Banks and depositsInterest, prices and exchange ratesCash and digital paymentsHistory's lessons for today's decisionsSee all of Understand how money works
Look at coins Browse by photoImages, letters and materialsCare, storage and tradingSee all of Look at coins
Start hereDictionarySearch
Fees and how to study Sign in
Language
日本語English中文ItalianoFrançaisDeutschEspañol
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Digital euro

European Central Bank

Claims Supported by This Source

  1. The digital euro is an electronic means of payment, free for anyone to use, that would be usable anywhere in the euro area, as safe and private as cash.
  2. In October 2025, the ECB Governing Council decided to move to the next phase of the project.
  3. If EU legislation is adopted during 2026, the goal is to prepare for a first issuance during 2029.
  4. 13 out of 20 euro area countries rely on international card schemes for card payments.
  5. A decision on whether to issue it has not yet been made.

How to read the verification levels. 'Read' means the material was read in its entirety. 'Bibliography and abstract confirmed' means the bibliographic information and abstract were verified. 'Via course material' means the source was referenced through the main text of a book or a country's monetary history. The text hash is the SHA-256 of the main text from the original source page, excluding tags and whitespace, used to detect if the material has been altered.